Underground archaeological national park in Israel's Southern District (Ashqelon), named after ancient Arabic settlements.
Historic underground cistern system in Israel's Southern District (Ashqelon), known as Hazan Caves. Excavated in 1983, it includes 35 chambers, tunnels, and waterways spanning 220 meters. Used for various purposes since the Byzantine period, including storage, ritual practices, and habitation. Declared a national park in 2021.
The Hazan Caves are an archaeological site and national park located in the Ashqelon District of Southern Israel. Discovered in 1979 by residents of Amitsur-Yehudah Avoderm, it was excavated in 1983 by archaeologists Shlomo Gudovitz and Gad'on Avni. The complex comprises 35 underground chambers, tunnels, and waterways spanning approximately 220 meters across an area of about 650 square meters. The site dates back to the Second Temple period through the Bar Kokhba revolt (132-135 CE) and into the Byzantine and Early Arab periods. During these times, the subterranean chambers were used for various purposes including storage, hiding, and habitation. The chambers were expanded, connected, and adapted with features like oil presses and water reservoirs. The name "Hazan" comes from the Arabic word meaning "chest" or "treasure," referring to underground storage facilities in ancient times. These caves are part of a larger system of man-made cisterns used for water collection, oil production, and wine making. The site's significance lies in its historical context, particularly its role during periods of conflict and occupation. In 2021, the Hazan Caves were declared a national park to develop it for local residents. Currently, access is restricted due to safety concerns regarding potential collapses within the tunnels and caves. Visitors can explore nearby remnants of ancient settlements dating back to the Byzantine period.
